Sentence= A group of words that make complete sense is a sentence,e.g.ประโยคคือกลุ่มคำที่ให้ความหมายสมบูรณ์และมีกริยา ด้วย
1. Tommy has a dog. - statement
2. Where are you going? - Question
3. Open the door. - command
A sentence can do one of three things. ประโยคทำหน้าที่อย่างใดอย่างหนึ่งดังต่อไปนี้
1. Make a statement to tell us something
2. Ask a question.
3. Give a command
Phrases = A group of words that makes sense but not complete sense,for example: วลี คือกลุ่มคำมีความหมายแต่ไม่สมบูรณ์ (ไม่มีคำกริยา)
into the house; at nine o'clock; for two shillings.
A sentence must have a verb in it. A sentence that has only one verb in it is called a Simple Sentence.for example: ประโยตต้องมีกริยา ประโยคที่มีกริยาตัวเดียวเรียกว่า ประโยค Simple Sentence
The boy opened the door. -statement.
Did the boy open the door? - question
Open the door, please. -request
Open the door at once. -command
A sentence that is made of two or more simple sentences joined by a conjuntion, or conjuntions, is called a Compound Sentence, for example: คือประโยคที่มีกริยา มากกว่า 2 ตัวเชื่อมด้วยคำเชื่อม
The boy opened the door and walked into the room.
John works hard but Richard is lazy.
Shall I write to him or will you telephone?
Mary went to the baker's shop for a loaf and Ellen helped her mother in the house, but Margaret sat listening to the radio.
A clause is a sentence that does not make complete sense by itselt. It depends on another sentence for its full meaning.Clause คือประโยคที่มีความหมายไม่สมบูรณ์ในตัวเอง ต้องอาศัยประโยคอื่นประกอบ
Adjective clauses= They do the work of an adjective. clause ที่ทำหน้าอย่าง adjective
I like a good story. = I like a story that is good.
That is a clever boy.= That is a boy who is clever.
Is this your lost kitten? = Is this your kitten which was lost?
We helped the shipwrecked sailors.= We helped the sailors who were shipwrecked.
Complex sentence = A principle Clause and one or more subordinate clauses together make a complex sentence. e.g.
Priciple clause ... subordiante(adjective) clasues
This is the house that Jack built.
Here is the letter which I received.
Where is the boy Who looks after the sheep?
They met an Indian Who earned his living by trapping animals.
The house (that Jack built) has fallen down.
The letter (which I received ) is in my pocket.
The boy(who looks after the sheep) is fast asleep.
แยกประโยค ได้ดังนี้
Principle Clause Subordinate Adjective Clauses
The house has fallen down that Jack built.
The letter is in my pocket which I received.
The boy is fast asleep. Who looks after the sheep.
The adjective clause must go as near as possible to the noun it describes.Adjectiv Clause ต้องอยู่ใกล้คำที่มันขยายมากที่สุด
A relative pronoun does the work of a pronoun and of conjunction.
The three most commonly used relative pronouns are who (used for people) ,which ( used for things) and that (used for people and things) . e.g. Relative Pronoun ทำหน้าที่ ของ pronoun และ conjunction คือทำหน้าที่ สรรพนามและ คำเชื่อม
Simple sentences
1.This is Mrs.Sprat. 2. Mrs. Sprat couldn't eat any fat.
complex sentence
This is Mrs.Sprat who couldn't eat any fat. who=and Mrs.Sprat.
Simple sentecne
Here are the passengers. They want ot travel by this plane.
Complex sentence
Here are the passengers that ( who) want to travel by this plane. that = and they
simple sentence
I have a book. It teaches English grammar.
complex sentence
I have a book which teaches English grammar. which = and it.
* To put the adjective clause next to the noun it describes. e.g.
simple sentence
1.The book teaches me grammar.
2.It is a new one.
complex sentence
The book that teaches me grammar is a new one.
simple sentence
1.The man couldn't eat any fat.
2.The man is called Jack Sprat.
complex sentence
The man who couldn't eat any fat is called Jack Sprat.
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